Twyer.



J. S. FRASER.

TWYER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30. I915- Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

WITNESS ATTORNEY.

COLUMBIA PLANoqRAPl-l COnWASHlNGTON, l)v c.

prrn

JAMES S. FRASER, OF CHARLEBJQI, PENNSYLVANIA.

TWYER.

' Specification of ietters Patent.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

Application filed June 30, 1915. Serial No. 37,163.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES S. FRAsnn, a

citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Charleroi, in the county of Washington and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Twyers, of which the following is a specification. 1

My invention relates to water-cooled twyers for furnaces, and has been designed with especial reference tovblast furnaces for smelting metal from their ores.

It is the object of this invention to provide a twyerwhich will reduce the operating cost of blast furnaces and correspondingly increase the production thereof by materially prolonging the life of the twyers. By using my improved twyers not only is a large saving made in the long run in the cost of twyers, but also in the saving of time of furnace operation lost due to twyer changing.

Heretofore, but little of practical value has been accomplished in designing watercooled twyers for the purpose of prolonging their life. It has been proposed to make the twyer walls thin at the end which projects into the furnace, receives wear by the furnace contents, and is in contact more or less with streams of molten metal, but it was found that in the event of a stream of molten metal striking one of these twyers, the cooling water in the same was caused to bubble away from the thin metal, leaving the metal of the twyer unprotected at the point where the molten metal strikes it, with the result that the twyer wall was pierced and the twyer became leaky. Furthermore, the thin walls at the exposed end of such a twyer crystallize and crack under the action of the furnace heat even though no molten metal should contact with it. Also a thin twyer-wall is soon worn through, allowing water to be projected into the furnace which is of course an undesirable and dangerous condition.

I make my twyer with a thickened wall at the end thereof which projects into the furnace, whereby the thickened mass of metal, in conjunction with the circulating water in the twyer, dissipates and transfers away the heat at the front or inner end of the twyer. By thickening the inner end of the twyer I prevent practically all of the heat in the metal from being transferred to the water circulating in the twyer, as is the case with a twyer having the wall at its inner end thin.

-The advantages and further objects of 7 this. invention will appear hereinafter.

, Referring to the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a central section on the line II of Fig. 2 showing a twyer embodying the principles of this invention, Fig. 2, a rear elevation thereof; and Fig. 3, a section on the line III-III, Fig. 1.

On the drawing, I show a twyer having the annular front or inner end or wall 1, the rear or outer end or wall 2, the interior tubular wall 3 connected to the walls 1 and 2, the exterior tubular wall 4: surrounding the wall 3 also connected to the walls 1 and 2, the annular space 5 inclosed by the said four walls, and the passage 6 surrounded by the wall 3 for the passage of the air blast to the furnace. The wall 2 has therein the threaded openings to receive water-circulating pipes 7 by which cooling water may be supplied to the space 5 and removed therefrom in a well known manner. It will be seen from Fig. 1 that the wall 1 is made quite thick, while the walls 3 and L are tapered rearwardly to a minimum thickness deemed necessary to withstand the strains and shOcks which the twyer is likely to receive. The thickness of the wall 1 and also of the remaining walls may vary but the thickness of the wall 1 and of the outer or most highly heated portions of the walls 3 and 4: should be such as to prevent the heat from the furnace from being conducted to the water in the space 5 at such a rate or to such an amount as to cause steam to form toward the front, or inner, end of the twyer and force the water out of contact with the wall 1 or the outer portions, that is, the most highly heated portions, of the walls 3 and 4:, or particularly the exterior wall t. I do not limit the thickness of the walls 1, 3, and 4: to any definite thickness, as these walls must not be so thick as to prevent their proper cooling by the water circulation, nor must they be so thin as to permit them to be burned through by molten metal in 0011- tact therewith, or to be crystallized and cracked, or to transmit heat enough to the water in the twyer to form steam in contact with the wall. In one instance where I found that the minimum thickness of the wall 1 might be five-eighths of an inch, I

found that the wall 1 might be satisfactorily made to be one inch thick. In this instance,

Ali

the Wall 4: Was tapered outwardly to a minimum thicknes of three-eighths of an inch at the place marked 8, which" may be at or near the place which the twyer projects into the furnace chamber. I have shown the Wall 3 also tapering outwardly the taper in this case extending to the Wall 2.

I claim- A furnaee-twyer having a water-clrculating passage therein, the inner end Wall and 10 by the formation of steam in the twyer.

Signed at Monessen, Pa, this 26 day of 15 June, 1915.

J. S. FRASER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

' Washington, D. C. 

